Childhood-onset of depression is often associated with childhood family adversity, parental neglect, and problematic peer relationships. Emotional and behavioral problems and high rates of depression were more common in orphans when compared to nonorphan.

The prevalence of depression is found to be more among orphanage children, followed by children residing at welfare hostels compared to the control group. Behavior problems are more among children residing at welfare hostels than children residing at orphanages.